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The Feasability of Mass Driver Weapons in Space

The Feasability of Mass Driver Weapons in Space

So, sometime, there comes a point in a young mans life where he sees something that someone says in the internet that is WRONG. And, by golly gee, he simply cannot rest until he has corrected this grievous error. That time, ladies and gentlemen, is now.

So I've seen some posts other places on this forum where occasionally people address 'realism' in the game world in an off-handed sort of manner, and it seems to be the general consensus that only 'beam' type weapons would have a practical use in space, because recoil would prevent any other weapons being used practically.

Well ladies and gentlemen, I am sufficicently bored and pathetic to take issue with this! It is true that every action ahs an equal and opposite reaction, and that this makes ballistics in space problematic. However, there is a relatively simple work around to this basic concern.

The most common proposed ballistic space-weapon is that of the mass-driver, or railgun. Given the preciousness of oxygen, nobody wants to use conventional ballistic weaponry in space, as most of it requires the oxidation of some sort of propellent. So instead we use magnetic fields. Now it is true that launching an object of significant mass at absurdly high speeds away from a spacecraft would typcially cause your craft to move in the opposite direction. But, never fear! Engineering is here!

By enclosing your railgun launching system in a two-layer system, you can have a magnetic counter-acceleration system to dampen and effectively neutralize the recoil. This two layer system would conists of some sort of ferrous outer coating, and beneath that, a faraday cage, to prevent your magnetic fields from interfering with one-another. The outer counter acceleration would simply move the entire firing operatus forward with precisely the same force that was being applied to the projectile being launched. This neutralizes any effect the firing would have on the ships momentum, and allows you to maintain course and heading with little disturbance while firing away to your hearts content.

But wait you say, this system sucks up twice the amount of energy, and beam-weapons are already more efficient! Well, it really depends on what sort of protective countermeasures your enemy might be using. By employing an ablative coating, ship may use a lsers own destructive power against it by using a cloud of vaporized material to reflect the energy from incoming laser fire. Also, shield technology, in whatever form it takes, might be more effective at disabling or dampening beam weaponry. However, slamming heavy objects into other heavy objects more or less always causes a dependable amount of destruction.

In summation, railguns in space are totally do-able, and super-cool.
68,789 views 34 replies
Reply #26 Top
..Somehow the most stupidly easy solution does not occur to anyone: you shoot mass out the front of your ship and just use your ship's thrusters to counter the force...
End of quote


Read my post.

With directional thrusters you can compensate for lateral as well as forward fire, using the same principle (adjust the thrust-vector to compensate).
Reply #27 Top
Interesting topic, Fnet = m * a, so for those of you saying that acclerating a very small mass to a really great speed won't be that big a deal, think again please. Also, "An object at rest tends to stay at rest and an object in motion tends to stay in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.", remember that a lot of this is based off of the effects of earth gravity on objects. A vessel traveling in space will/does still follow this rule, but it will be effected by a greater variety of unbalanced forces. So technically it would have to counter balance those forces just to stay still.
Reply #28 Top
think of the railgun recoil system as a normal gas propeled gun the slid comes back as you fire it that reduces recoil its also the bases of all the rail or gusses gun in sins,the recoil of the of the shot moves the entire gun that is seperate from the gun just like a normal gun ,yes the gas recoil rechambering will not aply but all im saying is that the railguns in sins use the recoil system and tes there is recoil but its reduced by the recoil slid

there is also the possiablity of the gun like in mass effect where the mass of the projuctile is zero this concept falls within the confines of physics ,but the we don't have the tec to do this :SNIFF!:





also all these resonses are not dissagreing with you, their saying your dual magnetic stabilizer theoy is ahhh very incorect ;p 
Reply #29 Top
The feasibility of large stationary defenses in space such as ones proposed on moons would not work as expected. While they may sound neat having the capacity to be bristling with weaponry and other defenses, any sufficiently technically advanced group would be able to dispatch them without any losses.

Mobile ships could stay light-minutes away, far out of the base's weapons range and pummel the target with simple kinetic weaponry. Or big rocks, if you prefer that description.
Reply #30 Top
I don't see why mass drivers in space would be such an issue. Even on earth, we have mass driving devices that have so much recoil that we need to engineer ways around them. High-powered sniper rifles are a good example. From my understanding, some of them are set up so that the recoil is channeled into a container of gas. When the force of the recoil hits this container, the gas is expelled (in whatever direction you like). The container can then be refilled. Rinse, repeat etc.

A huge amount of the force can practically be channeled like this, and a ship in space could simply have the gas be expelled in a direction counter to the mass driver's fire. A small change in acceleration would occur, but this change gets much smaller as the mass of the ship grows (inertia, like another poster pointed out).

Of course it isn't the perfect zero-acceleration-change solution. But neither are beam weapons. Also, beam weapons seem more impractical to me than mass drivers, but that's not really my area.

I haven't seen anyone do anything tricksy with angular acceleration/torque yet either...
Reply #31 Top
I'm trying to figure out why people think that our warships in the future will be drones. Unless we develop FTL communications, it seems that we would need to be relatively close by to control these drones.

I have a hard time believing that we'll ever rely on machines as much as you think. It was predicted that it was the end of the era of footsoldiers when tanks came about. Yeah, they adapted. I think it applies here. There will always be some reason to have humans along, especially since it's a pervasive fear of letting computers and machines get TOO smart. So I highly doubt we're going to have extremely well armed drones just floating around.

I can see defense being handled by computers and AI, but not attacking, because odds are, the distances will be too great.

IMO, anyway. I'm not talking about the scientific side, just the...human side.
Reply #32 Top
The feasibility of large stationary defenses in space such as ones proposed on moons would not work as expected. While they may sound neat having the capacity to be bristling with weaponry and other defenses, any sufficiently technically advanced group would be able to dispatch them without any losses.Mobile ships could stay light-minutes away, far out of the base's weapons range and pummel the target with simple kinetic weaponry. Or big rocks, if you prefer that description.
End of quote


A light-minute is a hell of a long ways away for a kinetic weapon. Remember, a light-minute is 10 times the diameter of the sun. If we correct for future advances with the base speed of 3.5 km/s of a current "railgun", we could say they reach maybe 5km/s. At that speed, the railgun projectile would take 41 days and 15 hours to reach your target. By then, even the weakest planetary defense force would see your big rock about to smash their bigger rock and use a gravity tractor or evacuate the base..or blow up your really far away ship and its projectile. Also, the defenses could always shoot back, or if the rock is small enough you can move it.
Reply #33 Top
and use a gravity tractor or evacuate the base..or blow up your really far away ship and its projectile.
End of quote


A gravity tractor? If you mean some sort of probe hovering nearby to minutely deflect the path of the object through gravitational attraction, then yes, that's a possibility. Now is this defense base going to have thousands of them and have them be effective enough to pull weapons away to a sufficiently divergent flight path? Probably not. Meanwhile, the fleet will have access to all manner of rocks and debris floating in space plus their own long-distance weaponry.

And evacuation? So you're going to spend vast resources constructing a base bristling with armaments only to let it be destroyed?

As for how the base is going to destroy a mobile fleet at great range, do tell. The whole point here is that a stationary target is a sitting duck. Ships can evade all attacks at extreme range almost effortlessly. Meanwhile, that big hunk of rock is going to have to stop all attacks launched at it as it will never dodge a single one of them.

Regardless, the exact range away wasn't my point to begin with. You can quibble over numbers such as those for a long time and still miss the big picture. An object with an easily calculable trajectory that can't stray from that path is dead in any conflict.