When one sets research to 100% (at 100% industrial capacity), then ones research at a planet is equal to the planets technology points (provided you dont have research bonuses).
It is possible to get more research points from that planet by focusing that planet on research, putting research at 0%.
It seems to be reproducable:
Create a high manufacturing planet; if you use a homeworld for a new game, you need to produce at least 130 production when you are at 100% social production; using a manufacturing capital makes this easier, but is not necessary.
Set research to 100%; note how you get 24->25 research from your homeworlds Civilisation Capital (depending on if you have a race with a research bonus, or a planet with a ring, or something). (my planet shows 25)
Set your Social to 100%, and your Research to 0%; note the production. (my planet shows 141)
Click on the 'Focus production on research' button. Note that your research total is now 1/5 of the production you noted in the previous step. (my planet shows 28)
Note that the research total is higher than it was when you were 100% research!
When I had a planet with a realy high production (social producion was at 258 at 100% social), and still only 24 research points, at 100% social, 0% research, focused on research, the reserach total was 52; at 50% social production and 50% research the research total was down to 38 (without focusing, there was 128 social produciton and 12 reserach - 1/5 of 128 plus 12 rounded up is 38); at 100% research there was only 25 research points.
ie increasing the research % reduces the research that that planet does.
It is possible that this is designed as a feature, but it behaves in a way that can produce some very odd results.
Further testing shows that one can have a research planet that can create more production than it should by focusing on social or military, with reserach set to 100%. It didnt appear to be based on a nice ratio like 1/5, however, so that may not be canon
