The first assert you get is basically the developer executable resetting all of your settings to a default configuration.  This is normal and will happen every time you load up the Dev.exe after using the normal exe.

The second assert started appearing after the steam compatibility updates.  I assume it's looking for the steam client and gives that message after not finding it...  Doesn't really matter as that is normal as well.

You should also from time to time get an assert about research relating to mines.  This one is also normal as well.

Your minidumps are related to something else, I'm afraid, most likely a missing or corrupted core file.  Run impulse, go to the My Games tab, right click on your Sins game and select verify.  It should check all of your files and automatically download any missing or damaged files and replace them.  If you're running a mod that is causing it, it would help to know which mod, what version of the mod you're using, stacking order if using multiple mods, checksum for it and a lot of other goodies involved, but let's just start with those.