yeah, they're worth it. cruiser carriers on the other hand aren't really worth it. they should be able to carry two wings, and have their cost and supply increased slightly to compensate.
1 squadron is enough for them.
See, a Level
6 Halcyon/Skirantra/Sova carries 5 squadrons and takes 50 supply points + 1 capital ship slot.
6 cruiser-sized light carriers carry 6 squadrons and take 48 supply points. They trade off the extra abilities of the capital carriers with an extra squadron, a free capital slot, and 2 supply points less. The cost comes to about equal since they're cheaper in cash but pricier in resources.
6 light carriers also have the advantage in that they can replace strike craft losses faster than a single capital carrier because they have 6 fighter/bomber factories operating instead of 1, and a larger collective antimatter reserve. Also, they do not need battle-hardening while capital carriers must be Leveled up to L6 for all their abilities to come into play, and since carriers of any kind will be operating behind the front line or at the edge of the gravity well, the cap carriers' guns don't matter all that much.
are one race's squadrens better than others?
Yes. The Advent have the best fighter and bomber squadrons early and in mid-game, but in late game with high tech, the Vasari easily have the best fighter squadrons and Vasari bomber squadrons are slightly ahead of their Advent equivalent.
With the Vasari maximizing their Phase Missile, Wave Cannon, Hull, and Armor techs, and the Advent maximizing their Beam, Laser, Hull, and Shield techs, Vasari fighters will be quicker, tougher and better at dogfighting and strafing, while the Advent fighters will be more numerous and better at bomber interception. The Vasari bombers would be faster, tougher, and be able to shoot through shields, while the Advent bombers would be more numerous and would deal more raw damage to their target.
With base specifications and no technology bonuses, the Advent and Vasari fighters would be about equal in dogfighting, but the Advent fighters would be better at strafing scout/long-range/siege ships and intercepting bombers. Without tech bonuses, the Advent bombers would easily be the best.
TEC squadrons wouldn't be the best at anything in either situation, but if they manage to tech up faster thanks to better economy, they could be stronger in the mid-game for a while until their rivals also research up their trees.