Same for me as tedhebert.
The trigger for me is clicking on an advisor message (e.g. "The citizens of planet are unhappy."), seeing a black screen (briefly flashes with a generic planet template before going black, other than the very top bar). I can only exit that screen by clicking on the tech research in the top left.
Next time I click on a planet, the left hand menu doesn't expand fully (as per the first screenshot).
If I go through the same process again, the left hand menu doesn't appear at all (perhaps it is even further off to the left!).