I have been working on sorting this issue out for a few days now, so I decided to create a thread devoted to this issue.
I’m not sure if this is the correct terminology, but I’m referring to the taskbar button underline which indicates the state of the object; pinned, focused, or unfocused.
Many thanks to PhoenixRising1 who was able to diagnose this issue.
With “Enhanced taskbar” enabled, the button indicator (underline) for a focused object’s color is determined by settings in the Start Menu configuration panel; Start menu>Configuration>Visual appearance>Changes to start menu colours.
If “Use automatic color for the start menu” is OFF and a color for the Start menu background has been picked, the button indicator for a focused object uses that picked color (or some variant). SEE BELOW

If “Use automatic color for the start menu” is ON, the button indicator for a focused object uses the Windows accent color. However, the Start menu background color is now gray (RGB 32, 32, 32) which I believe is the default color for the native Windows 11 Start menu. This defeats the purpose of being able to select a custom color for the Start11 start menu. SEE BELOW

With “Enhanced taskbar” disabled, the button indicator (underline) for a focused object’s color is determined by the Windows accent color regardless of whether the “Use automatic color for the start menu in ON or OFF.