What you are essentially doing is licensing the use of the trade good to whomever you are "selling" it to. This ability is reserved to the owner of the trade good. The only way you can lose the benefit is if you lose the planet it was built on. Conversely, if you conquer a planet on which a trade good was built you become the new owner of the trade good and acquire the benefit and the ability to "sell" it to anyone who hasn't already been licensed.
As an aside, if you conquer a world on which a wonder has been built, you are now the owner of the wonder and get the benefits thereof.